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Wong Muslim Pertama

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Wong Muslim pertama nuduhake wong pisanan sing percaya marang Nabi Muhammad saw. Dadi wong Muslim pisanan dianggep minangka kehormatan lan keutamaan. Para penganut Syiah nganggep Imam Ali as minangka wong lanang Muslim pisanan lan Siti Khadijah minangka wong wadon Muslim pisanan. Babagan iki uga dicathet ing sumber-sumber sejarah saka Ahlus Sunnah.

Adhedhasar laporan-laporan ing sawetara sumber Ahlus Sunnah, Abu Bakar diarani minangka wong lanang Muslim pisanan. Rasul Ja'fariyan, sejarawan Syiah, ngandhakake yen pratelan kaya ngono saka sawetara kalangan Ahlus Sunnah asale saka konflik agama antarane wong Muslim lan ora duwe basis sejarah.

Pentinge lan Status

Wong Muslim pisanan nuduhake wong pisanan sing percaya marang Nabi Muhammad saw. Dadi wong Muslim pisanan dianggep minangka kehormatan lan keutamaan.[1] Miturut sawetara sumber, Nabi saw nganggep keislaman pisanan Imam Ali as minangka keutamaan kanggo dheweke.[2] Sawetara Sahabat sing ngaku dadi wong Muslim pisanan uga bangga karo perkara iki.[3]

Khadijah as, Wong Wadon Muslim Pisanan

Para sejarawan ora beda pendapat babagan Siti Khadijah minangka wong wadon Muslim pisanan.[4] Sawetara saka dheweke uga nyebut dheweke minangka wong Muslim pisanan (saka wong wadon lan lanang).[5] Ibn Atsir, sejarawan Ahlus Sunnah, nyatakake yen para Muslim sarujuk yen Siti Khadijah minangka wong pisanan sing percaya marang Nabi saw.[6]

Miturut Ahmad bin Abu Ya'qub, sejarawan abad kaping-3, Siti Khadijah minangka wong wadon pisanan sing percaya lan Imam Ali as minangka wong lanang pisanan sing percaya marang Nabi saw.[7]

Ali as, Wong Lanang Muslim Pisanan

Miturut riwayat-riwayat, Nabi Muhammad saw njelasake Imam Ali as minangka wong Muslim pisanan, wong mukmin pisanan,[8] lan wong pisanan sing ngesahake dheweke.[9] Syaikh Thusi ngutip riwayat saka Imam Ridha as sing ngenalake Imam Ali as minangka wong pisanan sing percaya marang Nabi Muhammad saw.[10] Dikatakake yen para penganut Syiah sarujuk yen Imam Ali as minangka wong lanang Muslim pisanan.[11] Imam Ali as uga, ing wicara-wicarane, negesake kepeloporane ing Islam lan yen dheweke minangka wong Muslim pisanan.[12]

Allamah Majlisi[13] lan Husain bin Hamdan al-Khasibi,[14] penulis Syiah abad kaping-4, nganggep Imam Ali as minangka wong Muslim pisanan. Uga, Muhammad bin Jarir ath-Thabari,[15] Syamsuddin adz-Dzahabi,[16] lan liyane[17] saka para sejarawan Ahlus Sunnah ngutip riwayat-riwayat sing nuduhake yen Imam Ali as minangka wong Muslim pisanan.

Laporan-Laporan Liyane

Sawetara kalangan Ahlus Sunnah nyebutake riwayat-riwayat sing nyatakake yen Abu Bakar[18] utawa Zaid bin Haritsah minangka wong Muslim pisanan.[19] Al-Maqrizi, sejarawan Ahlus Sunnah, ing bukune "Imta' al-Asma'" nganggep Abu Bakar minangka wong Muslim pisanan sing duwe kemampuan kanggo ndhukung lan mbantu Nabi Muhammad saw[20]. Ibnu Hajar, ing bukune "Al-Ishabah", nyatakake yen wong Muslim pisanan saka bocah-bocah yaiku Imam Ali as, saka wong wadon yaiku Khadijah, saka budak (mawali) yaiku Zaid bin Haritsah, lan saka budak (budaq) yaiku Bilal al-Habashi. Dheweke nganggep Abu Bakar minangka wong lanang merdika pisanan sing dadi Muslim.[21] Nanging, Muhammad bin Jarir ath-Thabari ngutip saka Muhammad bin Sa'ud yen Abu Bakar dadi Muslim sawise 50 wong.[22]

Miturut Rasul Ja'fariyan, sejarawan Syiah, pratelan sawetara sumber sejarah yen Abu Bakar minangka wong Muslim pisanan, sacara historis ora duwe dasar lan asale saka pertikaian agama antarane wong Muslim.[23]

Urutan Wong-Wong sing Mlebu Islam

Ibn Atsir, sejarawan Ahlus Sunnah, ngenalake Khadijah as, Ali as, Zaid bin Haritsah, lan Abu Bakar[24] minangka wong-wong pisanan sing percaya marang Nabi saw. Muhammad Baqir Majlisi ngenalake Ali as, Khadijah as, lan Ja'far bin Abi Thalib minangka wong-wong pisanan sing percaya marang Nabi saw kanthi urutan kasebut.[25]

Cathetan Kaki

  1. ↑ Maruwaji Tabasi, "Amirul Mukminin as lan Kepeloporan ing Islam", kaca 72.
  2. ↑ Ibn 'Aqidah al-Kufi, Fadhail Amiril Mukminin 'Alaihis Salam, 1424 H, kaca 24.
  3. ↑ Ibn Qutaibah, Al-Ma'arif, 1992 M, kaca 169.
  4. ↑ Husaini, "Wong Mukmin Pertama lan Iman Paling Sadar", kaca 48.
  5. ↑ Baladzuri, Ansab al-Asyraf, 1417 H, jilid 1, kaca 471; Ibn Sa'ad, Ath-Thabaqat al-Kubra, 1410 H, jilid 3, kaca 15; Ibn 'Abdil Barr, Al-Isti'ab, 1412 H, jilid 2, kaca 546; Ibn Khaldun, Tarikh Ibn Khaldun, 1408 H, jilid 2, kaca 410; Shalihi ad-Dimasyqi, Subul al-Huda, 1414 H, jilid 2, kaca 300.
  6. ↑ Ibn Atsir, Al-Kamil, 1385 H, jilid 2, kaca 57.
  7. ↑ Ya'qubi, Tarikh al-Ya'qubi, Dar Shadir, jilid 2, kaca 23.
  8. ↑ Ibn Syahr Asyub, Manaqib Ali Abi Thalib, 1379 H, jilid 2, kaca 6.
  9. ↑ Shaffar, Basha'ir ad-Darajat, 1404 H, jilid 1, kaca 84.
  10. ↑ Syaikh Thusi, Al-Amali, 1414 H, kaca 343.
  11. ↑ Husaini, "Wong Mukmin Pertama lan Iman Paling Sadar", kaca 48.
  12. ↑ Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 H, jilid 38, kaca 284.
  13. ↑ Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 H, jilid 66, kaca 102.
  14. ↑ Khasibi, Al-Hidayah al-Kubra, 1419 H, kaca 50.
  15. ↑ Thabari, Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Muluk, 1387 H, jilid 2, kaca 310.
  16. ↑ Dzahabi, Tarikh al-Islam, 1409 H, jilid 1, kaca 128.
  17. ↑ Ibn 'Abdil Barr, Al-Isti'ab, 1412 H, jilid 3, kaca 1090.
  18. ↑ Thabari, Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Muluk, 1387 H, jilid 2, kaca 315; Ibn 'Abdil Barr, Al-Isti'ab, 1412 H, jilid 3, kaca 965.
  19. ↑ Baladzuri, Ansab al-Asyraf, 1417 H, jilid 1, kaca 470.
  20. ↑ Maqrizi, Imta' al-Asma', 1420 H, jilid 1, kaca 34.
  21. ↑ Ibn Hajar, Al-Ishabah, 1415 H, jilid 1, kaca 84.
  22. ↑ Thabari, Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Muluk, 1387 H, jilid 2, kaca 316.
  23. ↑ Ja'fariyan, Sejarah Politik Islam: Sirah Rasulullah, 1380 S, jilid 1, kaca 235.
  24. ↑ Ibn Atsir, Usud al-Ghabah, 1409 H, jilid 2, kaca 130-131.
  25. ↑ Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 H, jilid 66, kaca 102.

Daftar Pustaka

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